(Introduction.)
Today: Celebrate! Celebrate!
421. “Three times a year you shall hold a festival for me.” (Exodus 23:14) = and bring the chagigah offerings on each pilgrimage festival
422. “You shall rejoice in your festival, with your son and daughter, your male and female slave, the Levite, the stranger, the orphan, and the widow in your communities.” (Deuteronomy 16:14)
423. “They shall not appear before God empty-handed.” (Deuteronomy 16:16)
424. “Be sure not to neglect the Levite as long as you live in your land.” (Deuteronomy 12:19) = don’t leave the Levites out of your festival celebrations; give them donations at this time
425. “Every seventh year, the year set for remission, at the Feast of Sukkot … gather the people — men, women, children, and the strangers in your communities — that they may hear and so learn to revere Adonai your God and to observe faithfully every word of this Torah.” (Deuteronomy 31:10-12)
426. “Consecrate to me every first-born.” (Exodus 13:2)
427. “You may not eat in your settlements … the firstlings of your herds and flocks.” (Deuteronomy 12:17) = a first-born animal (suitable for sacrifice) may not be eaten outside Jerusalem
428. “The firstlings of cattle, sheep, or goats may not be redeemed; they are consecrated.” (Numbers 18:17)
429. “All tithes of the herd or flock — of all that passes under the shepherd’s staff, every tenth one — shall be holy to God.” (Leviticus 27:32)
430. “It cannot be redeemed.” (Leviticus 27:33) = the animal tithe in #429
431. “If any person from among the populace unwittingly incurs guilt by doing any of the things which by God’s commandment ought not to be done, and s/he realizes his/her guil — or the sin of which s/he is guilty is brought to his/her knowledge — s/he shall bring a female goat without blemish as his/her offering for the sin of which s/he is guilty.” (Leviticus 4:27-28) = the individual chatat, for someone who violated a commandment by mistake
432. “When a person, without knowing it, sins in regard to any of God’s commandments about things not to be done, and then realizes his/her guilt, s/he shall be subject to punishment. S/he shall bring to the priest a ram without blemish from the flock, or the equivalent, as a guilt offering.” (Leviticus 5:17-18) = the asham talui, for someone who didn’t know whether or not s/he had broken a commandment, then found out that s/he had
433. “When a person sins and … [list of specific offenses] … s/he shall bring to the priest, as a penalty to God, a ram without blemish from the flock, or the equivalent, as a guilt offering.” (Leviticus 5:21-25) = the asham vadai, for commiting any of an enumerated list of violations
434. “If his/her means do not suffice for a sheep, s/he shall bring to God, as his/her penalty for that of which s/he is guilty, two turtledoves or two pigeons, one for a sin offering and the other for a burnt offering … And if his/her means do not suffice for two turtledoves or two pigeons, s/he shall bring as his/her offering for that of which s/he is guilty a tenth of an ephah of choice flour for a sin offering.” (Leviticus 5:7-11) = the “korban oleh ve-yoreid” (variable offering), for a different enumerated list of violations (and other circumstances).
435. “If it is the whole community of Israel that has erred and the matter escapes the notice of the congregation, so that they do any of the things which by God’s commandments ought not to be done, and they realize their guilt — when the sin through which they incurred guilt becomes known, the congregation shall offer a bull of the herd as a sin offering.” (Leviticus 4:13-14) = when the Sanhedrin messes up and makes an incorrect ruling