Culture, Religion, Sex & Gender

Historical Nugget of the Day

My friend Justin is reading The Travels of Rabbi Pesachia of Regensburg, the travel writing of a 12th Century rabbi who journeys from Prague to the Mediterranean and Middle East. He sent me the following excerpt, which I thought might be of interest to some of y’all:

åøáé ùîåàì, éù ìå ñôø äéçñ ùìå òã ùîåàì äøîúé áï àì÷ðä: åàéï ìå áðéí àìà áú àçú: åäéà á÷éàä á÷øééä åáúìîåã. åäéà îìîãú ä÷øééä ìáçåøéí ãøê çìåï àçã. åäéà ñâåøä ááðéï. åäúìîéãéí áçåõ ìîèä åàéðí øåàéí àåúä. åëì àøõ àùåø åáãîù÷ áòøé ôøñ åîãé åáàøõ ááì àéï ìäí ãééï àìà îé ùîåñø øáé ùîåàì øàù éùéáä…åçåúîå äåìê áëì äàøöåú åáàøõ éùøàì.
Rabbi Shmuel has a book of geneology going back as far as Shmuel the Ramathean, son of Elkanah. He has no sons but, rather, one daughter. She is an expert in Scripture and Talmud. She gives instruction in Scripture to young men by way of one window. She is within the building, and the students are below outside, and they do not see her. And in all of the land of Assyria and Damascus, in all the cities of Persia and Media, as well as the land of Bavel, they have no judge other than those appointed by Rabbi Shmuel, head of the academy…..His authority is acknowledged in every country, and also in the land of Israel.

It’s a great tidbit–this 12th Century daughter of a very, very important Baghdad rabbi was expert in and a teacher of Jewish text. They solved any issues of possible impropriety by placing a building between her and her students (this understandable given the time and place), but nobody seemed to quibble about her ability to drop knowledge. There are a scant handful of women who are known to have been Torah teachers in the ancient and medieval world; I always love when another one comes to light.

6 thoughts on “Historical Nugget of the Day

  1. Danya —
    You wrote of “the travel writing of a 12th Century Bohemian/Bavarian rabbi”. Bohemia and Bavaria are two very different places. Nu, which one was it?

  2. I know nothing about this particular rabbi, but I know it’s ok to say “African-American” even though Africa and America are two very different places.

  3. BZ — Let’s be fair. “African-American” is a 20th century construct for a group of people, many of whose ancestors originated in Africa and were brought to North America as slaves. That type of language just doesn’t lend itself to a rabbi of the 1100s. I wanted to know whether he was from Munich or Prague. Danya appears to have clarified the question. Nice work.

  4. “In the Sefer Sibuvei R. Petachya of Regensburg (p. 9), it is recorded that R. Shmuel b. Eli, the Gaon of Baghdad in the late 12th century, had a daughter who was fluent in Scripture and Talmud and taught these subjects to male Yeshiva students through a second story window.”
    Moshe Weinberger, “Teaching Torah to Women,” The Journal of Halacha and Contemporary Society, (Spring 5745): 25, fn. 16.
    Available online at:
    http://www.aishkodesh.org/articles/library_ArticleDetail.asp?ArticleID=104&ArtType=R&left=1&pgno=1
    and
    http://www.jofa.org/pdf/Batch%201/0088.pdf
    Note: Rav Moshe Weinberger is the morah d’atra of Kehilath Aish Kodesh in Woodmere, NY.

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